Understanding Momentum in Physics

Understanding Momentum in Physics Momentum is a derived quantity, calculated by multiplying the mass, m (a scalar quantity) times velocity, v (a vector quantity). This means that the momentum has a direction and that direction is always the same direction as the velocity of an objects motion. The variable used to represent momentum is p. The equation to calculate momentum is shown below. Equation for Momentum:p mv The SI units of momentum are kilograms * meters per second, or kg*m/s. Vector Components and Momentum As a vector quantity, momentum can be broken down into component vectors. When you are looking at a situation on a 3-dimensional coordinate grid with directions labeled x, y, and z, for example, you can talk about the component of momentum that goes in each of these three directions: px mvxpy mvypz mvz These component vectors can then be re-constituted together using the techniques of vector mathematics, which includes a basic understanding of trigonometry. Without going into the trig specifics, the basic vector equations are shown below: p px py pz mvx mvy mvz Conservation of Momentum One of the important properties of momentum and the reason its so important in doing physics is that it is a conserved quantity. That is to say that the total momentum of a system will always stay the same, no matter what changes the system goes through (as long as new momentum-carrying objects are not introduced, that is). The reason that this is so important is that it allows physicists to make measurements of the system before and after the systems change and make conclusions about it without having to actually know every specific detail of the collision itself. Consider a classic example of two billiard balls colliding together. (This type of collision is called an elastic collision.) One might think that to figure out whats going to happen after the collision, a physicist will have to carefully study the specific events that take place during the collision. This actually isnt the case. Instead, you can calculate the momentum of the two balls before the collision (p1i and p2i, where the i stands for initial). The sum of these is the total momentum of the system (lets call it pT, where T stands for total) and after the collision- the total momentum will be equal to this, and vice versa. (The momenta of the two balls after the collision is p1f and p1f, where the f stands for final.) This results in the equation: Equation for Elastic Collision:pT p1i p2i p1f p1f If you know some of these momentum vectors, you can use those to calculate the missing values, and construct the situation. In a basic example, if you know that ball 1 was at rest (p1i 0) and you measure the velocities of the balls after the collision and use that to calculate their momentum vectors, p1f and p2f, you can use these three values to determine exactly the momentum p2i must have been. (You can also use this to determine the velocity of the second ball prior to the collision, since p / m v.) Another type of collision is called an inelastic collision, and these are characterized by the fact that kinetic energy is lost during the collision (usually in the form of heat and sound). In these collisions, however, momentum is conserved, so the total momentum after the collision equals the total momentum, just as in an elastic collision: Equation for Inelastic Collision:pT p1i p2i p1f p1f When the collision results in the two objects sticking together, it is called a perfectly inelastic collision, because the maximum amount of kinetic energy has been lost. A classic example of this is firing a bullet into a block of wood. The bullet stops in the wood and the two objects that were moving now become a single object. The resulting equation is: Equation for a Perfectly Inelastic Collision:m1v1i m2v2i (m1 m2)vf Like with the earlier collisions, this modified equation allows you to use some of these quantities to calculate the other ones. You can, therefore, shoot the block of wood, measure the velocity at which it moves when being shot, and then calculate the momentum (and therefore velocity) at which the bullet was moving prior to the collision. Momentum and the Second Law of Motion Newtons Second Law of Motion tells us that the sum of all forces (well call this Fsum, though the usual notation involves the Greek letter sigma) acting on an object equal the mass times acceleration of the object. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. This is the derivative of velocity with respect to time, or dv/dt, in calculus terms. Using some basic calculus, we get: Fsum ma m * dv/dt d(mv)/dt dp/dt In other words, the sum of the forces acting on an object is the derivative of the momentum with respect to time. Together with the conservation laws described earlier, this provides a powerful tool for calculating the forces acting on a system. In fact, you can use the above equation to derive the conservation laws discussed earlier. In a closed system, the total forces acting on the system will be zero (Fsum 0), and that means that dPsum/dt 0. In other words, the total of all momentum within the system will not change over time which means that the total momentum Psum must remain constant. Thats the conservation of momentum!

Descriptive Essay on a Piece of Art

Descriptive Essay on a Piece of Art Descriptive Essay on a Piece of Art Very few paintings today are as popular as Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa. There may be very many painters today, some of whom may be more skilled than Leonardo; however, there is yet to be a painter who can express facial features on a piece of art as Leonardo did. For instance, Mona Lisa’s smile has been a subject of much debate, given the many articles that have been written to try and describe this smile. Leonardo’s other work of art, christened the Lady with Ermine, also presents facial features in an outstanding manner. An examination of the Mona Lisa in the present day reveals that the painting has indeed had better days. The original color of the painting appears faded and is almost gone and this is perhaps the reason why the original painting has been repainted at least three times. The painting does not appear to be clean and this can be observed in the greenish glaze on the painting. The repainting of the painting and the greenish glaze makes the painting somewhat different from what Leonardo originally painted. In a bid to understand the Mona Lisa, artists have continued to question the identity of Mona Lisa. The Mona Lisa has so far been associated with more than 10 different women and some professionals have even stated that she may have been a lover of Leonardo. Some artists have even proposed that the painting depicts a boy and not necessarily a woman as it so obviously appears to be. Some of the interesting descriptions of the painting are that it is Leonardo’s mother, Catherina, his daughter, or even his son. Some artists have even recently described the painting as a self-portrait. Despite its age and the confusion over who is depicted in the painting, the Mona Lisa is still regarded as one of the most popular paintings in the world of today. The painting has indeed stood the test of time and has been written about and reproduced more than any other painting in the world. The famous painting is currently being exhibited in the Louvre museum, Paris, in a temperature and humidity controlled box that has been embedded in concrete. The museum protects the painting using two sheets of bulletproof glass that have been triple laminated. Even with this high level of care and security accorded to the painting, the museum has placed a couple of guards next to the painting whose main job is to control the flow of the crowd. Given the high level of protection and care granted to the Mona Lisa painting, it is accurate to state that the authentic Mona Lisa is difficult to see. This is especially so because of the huge crowd of tourists who gather in front of this painting every day when the museum is open as well as the numerous flashes from the cameras of the tourists. More than nine million tourists flock the museum on an annual basis just to get a glimpse of the famous painting. Tips on writing a descriptive essay on a Piece of Art: Writing descriptive essays is like writing narrative essays, in the sense that both paint a picture for the reader to imagine. Therefore, you have to show your readers through words what you want to describe, not just tell about it. What you should tell the readers is what you are going to describe in your essay in the introductory paragraph, so that they are not confused. You can buy Art essay written from scratch by academic experts at custom essay writing service. Just fill in the order form with all paper details.

Equity andTtrusts- problem question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Equity andTtrusts- problem question - Essay Example 250,000, and if the civil partner /spouse has survived more than 28 days of the deceased , then he is entitled to receive whole of ? 250,000 or less. If the net estate is more than ? 250,000 , then , the first ? 250,000 together with the personal possession to civil partner/spouse. Fifty percent of the balance should be equally shared among kids. The civil partner /spouse will also have the right to the interest on the balance amount of deceased estate during his life time only, and then children of the civil partner /spouse will receive the same in equal shares after the life time of the civil partner or spouse. (www.graysons.co.uk). In case of intestacy, if the claimant is not a registered civil partner or married, then he may not get a share in the deceased property automatically. If the deceased has not provided for the cohabitating partner in some other way, then such partner can make a claim under the provisions of the â€Å"Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependents) Ac t 1975.† In case of cohabitation, the surviving partner has to demonstrate that she or he had maintained either partly or wholly by the deceased. Further, a cohabitating partner has to make the claim within the 6 months from the date of the issue of letters of administration. (www.direct.gov.uk) The position of children’s of cohabitated couple is somewhat awkward under U.K laws. Schedule 1 to the Children’s Ac 1989 offers power to the courts to order some financial relief for the advantage of children despite the status of the parent’s affiliation.(Barrington, A,2001). Stack v Dowden This case was about the rights over a property over which cohabitation partners lived together before their separation. This case codifies new structure within which cohabitant rights are to be decided and will pave to greater simplicity and certainty for future cases. In this case, the cohabitant couples separated after having four children. There was one residential place, w hich was co-owned by them and a suit was filed the estranged male partner for equal division. Finally, the House of Lords upheld the Court of Appeal’s ruling that Ms Dowden was entitled to 65% and Mr. Stack to 35% House of Lords might have given higher share to female partner on considering the factor that she had four children and also contributed substantially for the purchase of that house. (www.publications.parliament.uk). In this case, Pauline Jonathan will be the legal heir of Jonathan Reisberg as she is the daughter of Jonathan’s erstwhile wife. In the problem, it has been stated that they were in separation for the last fifteen years and there is no mention about a divorce. Since Lorraine Lexington is a cohabitating partner, either she or his children have no legal rights to inherit Jonathan’s estate as he died intestate. Lorraine Lexington, as a cohabitating partner can make a claim under the provisions of the Inheritance (Provision for Family and Depen dents) Act 1975. The triplets can seek relief under Schedule 1 to the Children’s Ac 1989 offers power to the courts to order some financial relief for the benefit of children despite of the status of the parent’s relationship. Validity of a Cheque under UK Laws Under UK laws, there is no definite guideline about the validity of a cheque. Banks in UK normally will refuse to honour the cheques if it is more than six months old. However, it is at the discretion of the bank that deals with it. Cheques will

The Difference between Right and Wrong Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Difference between Right and Wrong - Essay Example In the current competitive and dynamic world, it is very hard to define the boundary between right and wrong. In deed, the definition of what is right and what is wrong varies with so many factors. That which is morally right in a given culture may be an absolute wrong in a different culture. Thus, different cultures rate acts of rightness in variant ways. That which is generally acceptable among the new generation might be a taboo in the old generation. As such, different generations define right and wrong differently and thus contradictions are certain in definitions. Another significant difference in defining the boundary between right and wrong is religion. Some of the acts regarded as morally right are condemned in other religions depending on specific religious teachings. Islam and Christianity regularly contradict in matters of morality. Additionally, some political acts like dictatorship condoned in the developing countries will face condemnation in equal measure in the developed countries. Philosophers introduce moral dilemmas to disprove moral absolutes. They will say that lying is not necessary wrong in all circumstances as it may be important in certain situations. Similarly, disagreements on various moral crimes like abortion leave us wondering if such moral crimes are right or wrong. Many theories, counter theories, and studies are considerably trying to differentiate right and wrong in different contexts. However, no such theories draw an absolute line between right and wrong. ... An infant will also take a lot of concern on a meal shared unequally. This shows that the infant knows that fairness and equality are right attributes (Daily mail reporter, Web). Moral dilemmas as manifested by certain philosophers, give us a leeway to choose the greater good when moral absoluteness is not certain. In a situation where telling the truth would lender some innocent people to death, it would only be logical to lie and save their lives. However, this does not deny the fact that lying is wrong. Indeed, Cleeve argued that exchanging a false morality for no morality is not a right. This is because moral virtues and vices dictate that certain things are right while others are wrong. Rationalists like Socrates and Immanuel Kant, argue that intellect should prevail in differentiating right and wrong. However, Sentimentalists like David Hume, argue that emotions should prevail in making moral decisions. Greene on the other hand combines reason and emotion in making a moral deci sion (Saalfield, Web). However, it is factual that reasoning does not amount to an absolute decision on whether an act is right or wrong. In a situation where sacrificing one innocent person to save the lives of five persons, reasoning is not enough to define what is right to do. Moreover, the knowledge of what is morally right will make you understand the need to respect every individual’s life. Some people are moral relativists who believe that what is right for one person is not necessarily right for another. There is also a tendency of thinking something is wrong and assuming that everybody views it as wrong. This is because we could be logically wrong in arriving at moral decision. In fact what is right or wrong to an individual, does not

Research Preliminaries Essay Example for Free

Research Preliminaries Essay This course is a brief overview about research design that is intended to cover the basics of designing and implementing a scientific study. Although this course will address every step of the research process, it is by no means exhaustive and is no substitute for a college level course in research methodology, nor is it a substitute for an experienced research advisor. Choosing a Topic For a researcher to choose a topic for a project, it is important to consider a broad area of inquiry and interest. This may be as broad as â€Å"global eye health† or â€Å"personality psychology,† but it should be an area that is of interest to the researcher. However, a broad area is useful only at the beginning of a research plan. Within a broader topic of inquiry, each researcher must begin narrowing the field into a few subtopics that are of greater specificity and detail. For example, a researcher may be interested in â€Å"global eye health,† but could focus more specifically on â€Å"proper eye care and how it affects individuals.† Although this topic is still too broad for a research project, it is more focused and can be further specified into a coherent project. Literature Review The literature review should be conducted early in the research process, directly after you choose a topic. A literature review can bring clarity and focus to your research problem and broaden your knowledge base in your research area. The literature review is crucial because an important responsibility in research is to add to a body of knowledge and to compare your findings with others. The procedure is simple: search the literature in your area of interest, review the selected studies, and develop a theoretical framework for your own study \What makes a good research question? Not all research questions are good ones—in other words, not all questions can be answered through qualitative and quantitative research methodology. A good research question needs to: 1. â€Å"Make sense†: In other words, you must clearly define your terms using known definitions outlined in the literature. For example, a poor research question would be: How do people’s lives improve after surgery? Not only does this research question fail to specify the study population, it contains the vague term â€Å"improve†. The researcher must specify what he/she means by this term—does it involve a physical improvement or rather an improvement in mental state? The more specific your research question, the better. 2. Address an important and relevant issue: Scientific research is done to increase knowledge, not simply for a single researcher’s personal satisfaction. Whatever question the researcher sets out to solve must have some beneficial implications. A good research question will also always have relevance to the time, place, and population of the study. Not already have been done: A good research study will be novel. This means that there will be some new aspect of the study that has never before been examined. In fact, not only is replication a good way to get a research methodology, it is how science is supposed to advance knowledge. When replicating a pervious study, it is best to add or change one or two things to increase the novelty of the research. 3. Be â€Å"operationalizable†: Oftentimes, beginning researchers pose questions that cannot be operationalized, or assessed methodologically with research instruments. From the example above, the idea of life improvement could be operationalized by a Quality of Life survey—a well known and validated research tool. In general, the more abstract the idea, the harder it is to operationalize. 4. Be within a reasonable scope: A good research project will be manageable in depth and breadth. The scope will depend on the amount of time and the availability of resources you have for your study. In general, the more focused the research question the more likely it will be a successful project. For example, a study that seeks to identify the prevalence eye disease in a specific village is more likely to succeed than a comparable study that seeks to identify eye disease prevalence in the world population. Qualitative and Quantitative Studies Not all research projects require study measures. Some research simply involves observing the results of events in the field and drawing conclusions based on a theoretical framework. Others may involve analyzing data from clinics or other institutions, using statistics and reasoning to find patterns that may have important implications. However, many projects involve direct contact with participants, using an operationalized definition of a phenomenon. These projects require well-designed measures in order to be considered valid. There are two broad categories of research: quantitative and qualitative. A study is classified as qualitative if the purpose is primarily to describe a situation, phenomenon, problem or event; the information is gathered through the use of variables or measured on qualitative measurement scales, and if analysis is done to establish the variation in the situation or problem without quantifying it. Qualitative studies tend to be more â€Å"in-depth†, focusing on a smaller population but probing deeper into a given problem. This research is often associated with focus groups, interviews or surveys and seeks to answer open-ended questions. Thematic and content analysis are two methods used to analyze qualitative data. Disciplines such as anthropology, history, and sociology are more inclined towards a qualitative approach. On the other hand, quantitative studies often use standardized measures, numerical values, have larger sample sizes, and analyze data using statistical programs. A study is classified as quantitative if the researcher seeks to quantify the variation in a phenomenon and if information is gathered using quantitative variables. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches have their strengths and weaknesses, and advantages and disadvantages. Disciplines such as epidemiology, economics and public health are more inclined towards quantitative research. Hypothesis A hypothesis is a suggested explanation for an observed relationship or a causal prediction about a relationship among several variables. Every research project is based on a hypothesis, which generally begins with a specific question. A hypothesis takes the operationalized definition of the factors to produce a clear prediction of the causal relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable in the statement. The independent variable is a factor that the researcher can control or manipulate (whether or not a person receives basic eye care services), and a dependent variable is a factor that the researcher cannot manipulate, but instead varies in relation to the independent variable (the economic productivity of the individual). For example, a hypothesis might be â€Å"We predict that if nearsighted participants are provided with corrective lenses that bring their vision to 20/20, they will earn more money per week on average over the course of three months than nearsighted participants who did not receive corrective lenses.† When formulating a hypothesis, it is important not to try to â€Å"prove† that the hypothesis is true. Instead, one should seek to find evidence that it is not true.

Rama as an Empire Builder Essay -- essays research papers

Rama as an Empire Builder The story of the Ramayana reminds me much of the hard times that USA is in today. I see many similarities between Rama and the USA. Rama is a warrior against evil, and so the United States are claiming. He creates a strong army, which fights by his side until the end. He has allies that contains people such as Sugreeva whom he helped to retain his kingdom from his evil brother. So Sugreeva felt a strong feeling of loyalty towards Rama and it made him fight to the end by Rama’s side. Loyalty is the most important characteristics that an army can have. The ideological stand point here is good vs. evil. Rama and his allies are the good battling against evil. Rama had allies who understood his cause and went in to fight with him to the end. Since Rama was a hum...

Ms. Sakshi

HIDES has been known as one of the main contributing causes of the declining African economy ever since it started as an epidemic. The commencement of this deadly disease and its sporadic nature caused many deep economic problems, which are currently being experienced by the region. Some of which is because of the various policies and regulations that have been altered due to its unfortunate arrival in the area.The main issues facing most of Africa due to this terrible epidemic are the high expenses of health care and its limited access, poor economic performances, he decline of the labor market, the poor being affected the most, and agricultural & loss of farm output. This in return has caused people and African governments to try and come up with policies to mitigate the effects of this terrible disease. These policies were put into place with certain fundamental aspects, which meant to create a positive outcome, in order to restrain all or some of the damages that this disease has brought upon the continent.The World Bank is amongst the most reliable sources that produce data on the economic progress of African countries. It has advised that though there are several elements related to poor economic performance, HIVE/AIDS is among the worst. The effects instigated from this disease can be seen as direct and indirect costs. Direct costs are the ones related to any treatment cost related with HIVE linked illnesses. This has exhibited serious repercussions for health care budgets around the continent.In addition, poverty makes the African population at vulnerable stages since any access to medical care is extremely expensive and most people cannot afford it (Sided 2007). On the other hand, the unintended costs are more problematic to quantify as they present the loss of the current value of future earnings, the loss of current wages, training costs of new staff, value in production, great staff turnover, cost of absenteeism, greater recruitment costs, savings d rainages, etc. These costs are not only effecting public companies and the private sector, but also everyone from families, friends and the community at large.Also, the drastic decrease in population, as one predication states that in 2020 the populations in Sub-Sahara Africa will be 3. 2 % less, due to AIDS (African Development Bank Group 1993). In other countries that reduction is more extreme, for example, Uganda by 8% and in Zambia by 12% (Population Newsletter 1992). In the South African region, many studies have been done and macroeconomic modeling practices have been conducted with the aim of determining the probable impacts of AIDS on the South African economy.In one of the models, they have established different economic consequences that have resulted from such disease in the South African region. The channels include low labor force, lower labor productivity through absenteeism and illness. There is so such pressure on organizations to provide benefits and compensation to the victims that have caught the disease. Moreover, life expectancy is dropping to 47 years in Sub Sahara Africa, as oppose to 62 years in the absence of AIDS (Population Newsletter 1992). Which ultimately can have a major negative impact on the entire population.Labor income is being reduced drastically by organizations in anticipation that employees may catch the disease in the longer run. Also, smaller populations are almost always accompanied with low expenditures, and with high death rates due to the disease, (Poke, Widthwise, & Sander 2007) this will ultimately lead to a weak economy in the country. The private sector demands from the public health care services to improve in parallel with people's needs including making a common pledge to have a well-established health care system.That is why the government undertakes high expenditures based on the purchases of highly sensitive equipment's and medication to enhance the proper care of the disease. AIDS has showed a major seve re effect on the gross domestic product of most countries it has affected. This was clearly evident in the South African GAP of the year 2010. The country had anticipated a higher GAP but it was later recorded that it was much less than they had anticipated. This was mainly due to the lack of investment.Many people and families avoided and evaded making medium to long-term investments, because they want to have some money in case they become sick (Katharine 1993:93). Also, the magnitude of the situation is often seen and felt in other aspects of the economy. For instance, AIDS increases urban migration, which puts the current population at risk. Not to mention poverty, and prostitution, that often become the only conditions available for some families. This effect then expands from one sector to the other, one society to the other, and one area to the other.The influence of HIVE/AIDS relative to the household level also has adverse effects in the macro-economic framework. The ramifi cations of HIVE/AIDS are most damaging at the domestic level of poor families in comparison with rich families. Poor families are usually more affected by this disease than rich families, which consequently cause social instability. By looking at the micro level of society, which is mainly families and individuals, and seeing the effects of such disease, leaves one beseeches. The scenario goes like this, the person get sick/infected; they can't work and lose income.His/her family will spend more money and time to take care of them. Also, the person who got sick could've been a doctor, an engineer, etc. So, by losing the individual not only does the family suffer but the whole society at large (Pangs Instituted). This would only predict an economic downfall of the country in the foreseeable future, if serious governmental measures were not taken. The government and other agencies must look at this problem more seriously and take he proper measures and mechanisms to resolve it, as thi s issue cannot be solved by one element of the society.Different regions and sectors of a single country can experience major differences of the impact of HIVE/AIDS. Certain parts of a country, due to deep poverty, cultural norms of the resident population, and nearness to the means of transportation, maybe more greatly affected than others. Many public and private sectors of an economy face major threats by the enormous decrease of the workforce, for example, transportation, agriculture, construction, and mining.Sectors hat face the most vulnerability are the ones that most rely on high trained employees who have high rates of AIDS contagion amongst them, like truck drivers, teachers, construction workers, etc. (UNDO n. D. A and Gillespie 1989). HIVE/AIDS is not sufficiently recognized in rural areas due to poor health care standards, limited entry to the health facilities, and insufficient data warehousing. This mainly explains that rural areas are prone to such illnesses due to l ack of adequate nursing and access to these services.There are various effects on the rural economies, which comprise allocation of insufficient resources with an accumulative demand for expenditure on health and social services. There is also a threat of collapse of the educational system due to high morbidity and mortality rates amongst educators and learners. There would also be a reduction in productivity mainly due to the replacement of older experienced workers in the field of work. Employers are to face increased labor costs because of low productivity, absenteeism, sick leaves and other benefits that include attending funerals.Premature retirement and added training costs are also significant factors (Poke, 2005). Agricultural production is often the major economic artery of the rural areas in Africa. This includes farming families whose households engage in several physical work Jobs, including home maintenance, in addition to the production of crops and care for animals. A griculture as a major factor in most of the developing countries provides the living mechanism for almost 80% of the continent's population (Abdul, & Abdul, 2010).Agriculture incurs various obstacles comprising international terms of trade, growing population density on land and environmental degradations. The spreading of HIVE/AIDS poses a major hindrance to the agricultural economy. The major threats that come up with the epidemic are the human resources, the consumption of savings, loss of farm outputs and others that affect productivity. Those problematic threats result due to agricultural downfall, which is caused mainly due to the losses of human resources and alterations of capital from agriculture.Distinguishing the effects caused by the impact of HIVE and the ones caused by other factors may be complicated as they are hardly detectable or distinguishable at times. The effect of HIVE/AIDS on agriculture includes both commercial and subsistence farming. Several studies that h ave been made on the agricultural sector mainly focus on sectors of the economy dealing with cash crops; which in return limits the scope on how deep this impact goes. Expansion out of the agricultural sector may be complex due to the virtue of the labor impacts and dynamics of the traditional social security.The costs may also be prone to pay off such things as medical care and funerals instead of productive assets (Poke, 2005). Another small scale effect is the internal knowledge of systems ND technology adapted over the years by farmers to suit the conditions of particular areas, which often die with farmers before they could pass the knowledge to other generations, particularly in HIVE/AIDS inflicted regions. On the micro-economic scale also comes the death of breadwinners due to AIDS. Which is another major problem that results in the incremental destruction of societies.This is a major socio-economic problem, especially when it includes the death of a family's sole provider as well as the working households in the area they specialize. For example, in Zanzibar the death of a breadwinner causes a significant deduction in production, and in the rural areas or other areas of communal production (Programmer De IOTA sure lee VII/SAID et lee monde du travail 2004). In conclusion, it is important to fully understand and comprehend the affect this disease has brought to Africa.The difficulties of AIDS can be seen from a household level to the whole population. Kopi Anna puts well when he said, â€Å"The global HIVE AIDS epidemic is an unprecedented crisis that requires an unprecedented response. In particular it requires solidarity between the healthy and the sick, between rich and or, and above all, between richer and poorer nations. We have 30 million orphans already. How many more do we have to get, to wake up? † (â€Å"Fighting aids,†). Also, Bill Clinton said â€Å"AIDS is no longer a death sentence for those who can get the medicines.Now it' s up to the politicians to create the ‘comprehensive strategies' to better treat the disease.